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干货分享!英语十六种时态全整理

2024-07-08
来源:好老师升学帮
阅读 1723
导读:用几个月的时间,把英语基础基础打牢,后续通过做练习题、模拟题继续加强英语能力,最后的专升本英语考试那还不是十拿九稳嘛~(ps.单词每天都要背,直到考试结束为止!)

用几个月的时间,把英语基础基础打牢,后续通过做练习题、模拟题继续加强英语能力,最后的专升本英语考试那还不是十拿九稳嘛~(ps.单词每天都要背,直到考试结束为止!

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英语时态全整理

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英语共有十六个时态、四个体。(注:四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。)  

1)一般现在时

  基本形式(以do为例):

  第三人称单数does(主语为非第三人称单数);

  肯定句:主语+动词原形+其他;

  He works for us.

  否定句:主语+don‘t/doesn't+动词原形+其他;

  He doesn't work for us.

  一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他。

  肯定回答Yes,(+ 主语+do/does).

  否定回答No,(+主语+don't/doesn't.

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句语

  Does he work for us?

  Yes, he does.

  No, he doesn't

  What does he do for us?

  He works for us.

2)一般过去时

  be动词行为动词的过去式

  否定句式:在行为动词前加didn‘t,同时还原行为动词,或waswerenot

  waswere放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词

  例如: Did he work for us?

  He didn't work for us.

  He worked for us.

3)一般将来时

  amareisgoing todo 

  willshalldo

  am/is/are/about to + do

  am/is/are to + do;

  一般将来时的表达方法 

  be going to +动词原形

  be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to +动词原形

  be able to +不定式

  be about to+动词原形

  will + 动词原形;

  例如:He is going to work for us.

  He will work for us

  He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时 表达 将来时态 的例子!!

(4)过去将来时

  bewasweregoing to+动词原形

  bewaswereabout to+动词原形

  bewaswereto+动词原形

  肯定句:主语+bewasweregoing to+动词原形~.

  否定句:主语+bewaswerenot going to+动词原形~.

  疑问句:BeWasWere+主语+going to+动词原形~?

  肯定句:主语+wouldshould+动词原形~.

  否定句:主语+wouldshouldnot+动词原形~.

  疑问句:WouldShould+主语+动词原形~?

  He would work for us.

(5)现在进行时

  主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词)

  表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。

  例如:I am buying a book.

  第一人称+am+doing+sth

  第二人称+are+doing +sth doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式)

  第三人称+is+doing+sth

  例:He is working.

(6)过去进行时

  肯定句:主语+was/were+doing+其它

  否定句:主语+was/were+not+doing+其它

  一般疑问句及答语:Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 ;答语:Yes,I主语+was/were./No,I主语+wasn't/weren't.

  特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它

  He was working when he was alive.

(7)将来进行时

  主语+will + be +现在分词

  He will be working for us.=He will work for us.

(8)过去将来进行时

  should(would)+be+现在分词

  He said that he would be working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

(9)现在完成时

  基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done)

  ①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他

  ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他

  ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

  ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他\

  He has worked for us for ten years.

  Has he worked for us for ten years.

(10)过去完成时

  基本结构:主语+had+过去分词(done)

  ①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词+其他

  ②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词+其他

  ③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词+其他

  肯定回答:Yes,主语+had

  否定回答:No,主语+hadn't

  ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(had+主语+过去分词+其他)

  语法判定:

  ( 1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如:

  I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

  ( 2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:

  We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

  ( 3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如:

  They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

(11)将来完成时

  (shallwill+have+动词过去分词

  before+将来时间或by+将来时间

  beforeby the time引导的现在时的从句 

  He will have worked for us.=He will work for us.

(12)过去将来完成时

  should / would have done sth.

  He said that he would have worked for us.=He said that he would work for us.

(13)现在完成进行时

  基本与现在完成时相同,但是现在完成进行时只能表示仍然持续的概念

  have/has been +-ing 分词

  He has been working for us for ten years.=He has worked for us for ten years.

(14)过去完成进行时

  had been +-ing 分词

  He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=He said that he had worked for us for ten years.

(15)将来完成进行时

  主语+ shall/will have been doing

  He will have been working for us.=He will work for us.

  翻译为:他最近一直在为我们工作(过去在工作,现在在工作,将来还会工作)

(16)过去将来完成进行时

  should+have been+现在分词用于第一人称

  would have been+现在分词用于其他人称

  He said that he would have been working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

  举例: 

  英语中有12个主要时态,都来自于三时(过去、现在、将来)

  现在以I listen为例,举例英语中有12个主要时态如下所示:

  一般现在时:I listen

  现在进行时I am listening

  过去进行时:I was listening

  现在完成时:I have listened

  现在完成进行时:I have been listening

  一般将来时:I shall listen”“I will listen.”

  将来进行时:I shall be listening

  一般过去时:I listened

  过去完成时I had listened

  过去完成进行时:I had been listening

  将来完成时: I shall have listened

将来完成进行时: I shall have been listening

以上内容仅供参考学习。

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